Extreme Dwarfism Computing

Brookesia micra sp. n. from Nosy Hara, northern Madagascar.

Imagine a supercomputer suitable for this cute little guy, the recently discovered Brookesia micra.

Developing computers and transistors at smaller and smaller scales is happening at a stunning rate. The most recent discovery, just published February 19 in Nature Nanotechnology takes the prize: a single atom transistor!

From their Abstract {excerpted for clarity}:

The ability to control matter at the atomic scale and build devices with atomic precision is central to nanotechnology. The scanning tunnelling microscope can manipulate individual atoms and molecules on surfaces, but the manipulation of silicon to make atomic-scale logic circuits has been hampered by the covalent nature of its bonds. Resist-based strategies have allowed the formation of atomic-scale structures on silicon surfaces, but the fabrication of working devices--such as transistors with extremely short gate lengths, spin-based quantum computers and solitary dopant optoelectronic devices--requires the ability to position individual atoms in a silicon crystal with atomic precision. Here, we use a combination of scanning tunnelling microscopy and hydrogen-resist lithography to demonstrate a single-atom transistor in which an individual phosphorus dopant atom has been deterministically placed within an epitaxial silicon device architecture with a spatial accuracy of one lattice site. The transistor operates at liquid helium temperatures, and millikelvin electron transport measurements confirm the presence of discrete quantum levels in the energy spectrum of the phosphorus atom.

Given that the Intel Pentium D computer has about 230 million transistors, imagine how small it would be if each transistor were a single Phosphorus atom embedded in a tiny silicon crystal!