The internet is a great thing. I've posted this link before, but if you haven't checked it out you really should poke through The Collected Papers of R.A. Fisher. There is so much archived genius on the internet; sometimes I wonder what a Ramanujan would have done with all the access to great thought.... (let's hope he wouldn't have spent his time on YouTube!). The Correlation Between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance is probably one of the most important little known papers in the scientific firmament; it definitively fused Mendelianism with a Darwinian view of evolutionary process.
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Just found this web site that has a good bibliography of R.A. Fisher's work. Good supplement to the R.A. Fisher digital archive.
Today Gregor Mendel is a towering hero of biology, and yet during his own lifetime his ideas about heredity were greeted with deafening silence.
Via RPM I see that Chad at Uncertain Principles is asking about seminal discoveries and experiments in biology.
I have mentioned a few times that I am re-reading The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection by R.A. Fisher.